World Geography Online Textbook

The readings here are intended to be used as a free online textbook in your middle school World Geography curriculum. If you need this World Geography textbook as a PDF, you can save each page or paste the text into a Google Doc and convert it to PDF. 

Each of these articles in the textbook aligns with my curriculum and interactive notebook activities and is perfect for your 6th, 7th, or 8th grade classroom or even high school, if needed.

Introduction to Geography

• What is Geography?
• The 5 Themes of Geography
• Essential Map Skills for Geography
• Types of Maps and Map Projections
• Mental Maps
• Time Zones
• Understanding Regions
• Landforms
• Oceans and Water Systems
• Climate Zones and Biomes
• How Humans Impact the Environment
• How the Environment Impacts Humans
• Population and Demographics
• Culture and Cultural Diversity
• Government and Political Systems
• Economic Systems & Geography

North America

• Physical Features of North America
• Climate and Biomes in North America
• North America's Human Geography
• Regions and Major Cities of the US
• Landforms and Climates of the US
• Canada's Geography and Provinces
• Canada's Natural Resources
• Mexico's Geography & Climate

Central America & the Caribbean

• Central America's Geography
• Environmental Issues in Central America
• The Panama Canal and its Impact
• Geography of the Caribbean
• Indigenous Peoples of the Caribbean
• Caribbean Culture and Tourism
• Caribbean Environmental Concerns

South America

• South American Countries and Capitals
• Physical Features of South America
• Climate and Biomes in South America
• The Human Geography of South America
• The Andes Mountains
• The Amazon Rainforest
• Indigenous Peoples of South America
• Environmental Issues in the Amazon
• The Pampas and Patagonia
• The Atacama Desert and Galapagos Islands
• South American Culture and Traditions
• Dictators in the Southern Cone
• Economic Activities in South America

Europe 

• Western European Countries & Geography
• Central European Countries & Geography
• Climate and Biomes in Europe
• The Human Geography of Europe
• Europe's Mountains and Landforms
• Southern Europe and the Balkans
• The Mediterranean and Europe's Bodies of Water
• Scandinavian, Nordic, & Baltic Countries
• Eastern European Countries and Geography
• The Geography of Russia
• Europe's Microstates
• The European Union

North Africa & the Middle East

• Political Geography and Countries of the Middle East
• Physical Geography of the Middle East
• The Middle East's Climate and Biomes
• Human Geography of the Middle East
• A History of Conflict in the Middle East
• North Africa's Countries and Political Geography
• Physical Geography of Africa
• Climate and Biomes of North Africa
• Colonialism and Conflict in North Africa
• The Nile River Valley and Delta
• The Sahara Desert
• The Sahel Region

Sub-Saharan Africa

• West African Countries and Geography
• The Culture and History of West Africa
• East African Countries and Culture
• The Great Rift Valley
• Central African Countries and Geography
• The Congo River and Rainforest
• Southern African Countries and Culture
• Colonialism and Independence Movements
• Conservation Efforts in Africa

Introduction to Asia and East Asia

• The Countries and Political Geography of East Asia
• Landforms and Physical Features of East Asia
• Asia's Climate and Biomes
• China's Geography and History
• China's Culture and Economy
• Taiwan, Hong Kong, and Macau
• Mongolia's Geography
• The Himalayas and Tibet
• The "Stans" of Central Asia
• The Islands and Culture of Japan
• The Korean Peninsula
• Confucianism, Daoism, and Buddhism
• Cultural Traditions and Modern Life

South Asia and Southeast Asia

• Southeast Asian Countries and Culture
• The Geography and Countries of Indochina
• Indonesia and the Malay Archipelago
• Colonialism in South & Southeast Asia
• India's Geography
• Culture and Religion in India
• The Partition of India
• Pakistan and Bangladesh
• Nepal and Bhutan
• Sri Lanka and the Maldives

Australia & the Pacific Islands

• Australian States and Territories
• New Zealand's Geography and Culture
• Oceania
• The Pacific Islands Geography and Diversity
• Indigenous Peoples of Australia and Oceania

Antarctica & the Arctic Circle

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